The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-angiotensin-(1-7) axis: the other side of the renin-angiotensin system

The effect of progressive aerobic continuous training on angiotensin-1, angiotensin-2 and angiotensin-converting enzyme type 2 in patients with heart failure

Background: Chronic hypertension causes structural and functional changes in the heart, ultimately leading to heart failure (HF), which further increases mortality and morbidit. HF is a complex clinical syndrome caused by various structural or functional abnormalities of the heart that impair the filling capacity of the ventricles. The findings of various trials have shown the association betwe...

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme in Sarcoidosis

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2, Angiotensin-(1-7), and Receptor Mas Axis in the Kidney

In the past few years the understanding of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has improved, helping to better define the role of this system in physiological conditions and in human diseases. Besides Angiotensin (Ang) II, the biological importance of other Ang fragments was progressively evidenced. In this regard, Angiotensin- (Ang-) (1-7) was recognized as a biologically active product of the ...

Role of the ACE2/Angiotensin 1-7 Axis of the Renin-Angiotensin System in Heart Failure.

Heart failure (HF) remains the most common cause of death and disability, and a major economic burden, in industrialized nations. Physiological, pharmacological, and clinical studies have demonstrated that activation of the renin-angiotensin system is a key mediator of HF progression. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a homolog of ACE, is a monocarboxypeptidase that converts angiotensin I...

Angiotensin-(1-7)/Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/Mas Receptor Axis and Related Mechanisms

Copyright © 2012 Anderson J. Ferreira et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Cardiovascular disease is America's leading health problem and the leading cause of death. One person in three suffers from some form of ...